Jean Gaspard Hirzel - Le socrate rustique, ou description de la conduite économique et morale d'un paysan philosophe - 1777

Jean Gaspard Hirzel's "Le socrate rustique, ou description de la conduite économique et morale d'un paysan philosophe" from 1777 presents an idealized portrayal of a peasant depicted as a wise, philosophical figure living according to economic prudence and moral values. This work reflects Enlightenment interests in virtue, simplicity, and the rational life beyond urban elites. By using a 'rustic Socrates,' the author explores themes of wisdom in everyday life, ethical conduct, and the relationship between social class and philosophy. Such literature aimed to elevate common virtues and suggested that philosophical insight could be found outside academic settings, aligning with broader eighteenth-century intellectual trends.